Sunday, November 17, 2019
Study of personality Essay Example for Free
Study of personality Essay There have been many theories proposed to better understand human behaviors and personality; one of these is the theory of optimal range and self-cognitive. The theory of optimal range and self-cognitive became useful in studying self-stereotyping, prejudice, self-esteem, and self-categorizing of humans and to be able to understand more about oneââ¬â¢s identification. The Western beliefs define ââ¬Å"selfâ⬠as a unified identity which functions on its own, however, the theory of self-cognitive suggests that the ââ¬Å"selfâ⬠is actually a composition of different factors and elements, for example, an individual define himself through the people related to him such as his parents, siblings, spouses, friends, and others. Through the information about these people, an individual creates a more stable identification of himself. Being in a ââ¬Å"groupâ⬠gives a person a more definite social and personal identity. One tends to adapt the characteristics of the people around him which shape his personality as well. Moreover, a person tends to find a partner or friends which seems to resembles or almost the same as the concept of his ââ¬Å"selfâ⬠. However, these characteristics and personalities may vary through time as we meet new people and encounter different experiences. The theory of optimal range discusses the individualââ¬â¢s reasoning ability, judgment skills and decision-making styles according to his optimal level or age. According to it, a person comes to a point wherein he reaches his optimal level of performance to consolidation of a functional performance. For example, an individual can exert his maximum capacity or highest performance level in life in his early 20ââ¬â¢s or 30ââ¬â¢s, infants and old people are less functional. However, it suggests that a personââ¬â¢s skills and knowledge can be readily accessible if was reconstructed multiple times through range of variations in the tasks, meaning, a person doesnââ¬â¢t become skillful in an instant until he familiarize himself with the tasks and domains. The theory of optimal range explains how and why there are differences in peopleââ¬â¢s learning skills and capacities. The theory of optimal range and self-cognitive help us understand more about the personality differences and similarities. Although both have their own limitations, each opened the door toward more studies that aims to understand human behavior and personality development. References Valsiner, J. Connolly, K. (2003). Adult Cognitive Development: Dynamics in the Developmental Web. Handbook of Developmental Psychology. [Electronic Version] Fusher, S. Fisher, R. (1993). Conjuring Up a Self. The Psychology of Adaptation to Absurdity: Tactics of Make-Believe. [Electronic Version].
Thursday, November 14, 2019
Paul Ehrlich :: essays research papers fc
I. A World To Change Everyone on this earth has to be grateful to Paul Ehrlich because he made so many advances in medical research. Our life expectancy rate would still be around forty years if Ehrlich hadnââ¬â¢t been interested in chemistry and biology as a young boy. If Ehrlich hadnââ¬â¢t combined so many different chemicals, he would have never combined the chemical known as number 606. Ehrlich helped Emil von Behring find an antitoxin for diphtheria. Diphtheria is a disease that particularly affects children and sometimes leads to death. In 1894, mothers no longer had to worry about their child dying of diphtheria because of Ehrlichââ¬â¢s help in the discovery of the antitoxin for the deadly disease. Another discovery Ehrlich made was of a dye called trypan red. Trypan red helped destroy cells that caused sleeping sickness. His research of antibodies and understanding how the antibodies attack harmful substances that enter the body has made him the "founder" of modern chemotherapy. Ehrlich is best known for his work on curing syphilis. Syphilis is an infectious disease transmitted by sexual contact or kissing. Ehrlich named the compound that cured syphilis "salvarsan". This was a very effective way to cure syphilis. II. Background A. Family Paul Ehrlich was born on March 14, 1854 in Strehlen, Silesia. Ehrlich was born in to a middle-class, Jewish family. He was the only son and fourth child of Ismar and Rosa Ehrlich. His father owned a small distillery. Ehrlich had an Orthodox Jewish upbringing in a time when being a Jew was controversial. B. Childhood When Ehrlich was six years old he started his schooling at the local primary school. At age ten, he boarded with a professorââ¬â¢s family in Breslau and went to St. Maria Magdalena Humanistic Gymnasium. Ehrlich was often at the top of his class and his best subjects were math and Latin. C. Advanced Education and Training Ehrlich took an introductory course in natural sciences at Breslau University in 1872. He then went to Strasbourg for three semesters. In 1874, Ehrlich returned to Breslau where he completed his medical degree studies. In 1877, he passed the state medical examination. In 1878 he received his medical degree. III. Research and Development A. Discussion of the Area of Biology Most of Ehrlichââ¬â¢s discoveries had something to do with the immune system. The immune system is a body system that is responsible for destroying disease-causing cells. When Ehrlich was still in school, he was staining white blood cells to see their different characteristics with his work on antibodies, he is knows as the "founder" of modern chemotherapy.
Tuesday, November 12, 2019
Nutrition- 3 Day Diet Analysis
Three Day Diet Analysis According to the food pyramid, my diet is horrible considering what I have consumed in these 3 days. It shows that I need to start eating more, and better quality foods. My sugar intake is too high and should be reconsidered. Possibly I could swap out processed sugars for natural sugars; such as in fruit. It is obvious from the records I have provided that I do not take in as much (if any) fruit that one should be consuming on a daily basis. Thus, not only am I depriving myself of vitamins, I am also depriving myself of the fiber needed in order for my digestive system and metabolism to work as necessary.I will have to incorporate more whole grains with fruit and vegetables to act as roughage, as going to the bathroom proves difficult for me- most likely this is why. I was astonished by how many carbohydrates I take in too. Eating a lot of carbs can add to the blockage/ movement in the bowels so I need to consider decreasing the TYPE of carbohydrates that I ea t, cutting out white and processed breads and grains, replacing them for whole grains and wheat products. The only milk I intake is with my coffee and tea.Although I have four hot beverages a day with around 2 tablespoons of dairy, I am aware that this is no-where near the recommended 2 cups a day. On a good note however, I do not drink many sugary drinks at all- if any. Coffee, tea and water are my staple liquids therefore the sugar that I eat equals out to the sugars that I donââ¬â¢t drink. Drinking 2-3 glasses of water per day are less than the 6-8 glasses recommended however I do make a conscious effort to drink more on the days that I work out. I do not take in enough calories, as I burn on average 800calories and eat on any given day from 1200-1800.The meat and beans intake was at 3. 5 oz which I do not eat meat much so this is not a surprise itââ¬â¢s suppose to be 6oz intake. With the Vegetables this is an easy one I love any kind of vegetable and was short these 3 days I had 1 cups intake when it says I should do 3 cups. Fruit intake was 0 cup when it says 2 cups recommended. Grains intake was 3. 5oz recommendation is 7oz. All in all I would say I need to work on somethingââ¬â¢s but I am proud to say I will be working on changing my lifestyle. I have made a conscious effort to start a meal plan in conjunction with a 60 day workout called insanity.I have done this before and the results have been outstanding. I was at the peak of physical condition as well as health. With eating correctly my mind was clear and vivid. My memory was better and I had no feelings of sluggishness or feisty behavior. Joining this meal plan will help me jump-start my metabolism by keeping me on a strict guideline on times to eat (since this seems to be a problem with me), portions- since I donââ¬â¢t eat enough and balanced diet as it has proven as of now I am eating more protien and carbohydrates than anything else.Some of the ways I can work on these things is mak e sure I eat more in all the areas of the pyramid, with the grains I will eat more pastas, whole grain breads, crackers and just anything that has grain in it. Also more vegetables, this is easy because I do love them but need to go shopping more. I definitely have to make a more conscious effort to eat more fruit as they seem to be the last thing I want to pick up for some reason. Oranges, Grapefruit, apples, kiwis etc is good for me and I plan to eat them more.Milk will be hard since I am not a huge fan. I have an issue with eating WHITE liquid ingredients I. e milk, sour cream, mayonnaise, alfredo sauce. This doesnââ¬â¢t bother me much as most white things seem to be pure fat, usually. Oils, I do consume a lot of natural oils such as in avocados, olive oil and some nuts. Another thing I need to eat more of and that I LOVE, are legumes. They provide nutrients, fiber and hunger control all while being delicious. I do take a superfood supplement called Spirulina.If there is a sin gle food in this world that I feel people should take every-day, it is this product. What is spiraling: Spirulina is a blue-green algae that is being developed as the ââ¬Å"food of the futureâ⬠because of its amazing ability to synthesize high-quality concentrated food more efficiently than any other algae. Most notably, Spirulina is 65 to 71 percent complete protein, with all essential amino acids in perfect balance. In comparison, beef is only 22 percent protein.Spirulina has a photosynthetic conversion rate of 8 to 10 percent, compared to only 3 percent in such land-growing plants as soybeans. Nutritional Properties of Spirulina: Contains high concentrations of 18 Vitamins and Minerals Rich in Chlorophyll Contains ALL essential amino acids 65% of Spirulina is Protein Rich in gamma-linoleic acid (GLA) ââ¬â an anti-inflammatory Omega 6 Fatty Acid 100x the Vitamin A of Carrots 50x the Iron of Spinach 10x the Beta Carotene of Carrots 7x the Calcium of Milk 6x the Protein of Eggs x More Iron Than Beef Rich in Phytonutrients and antioxidants Over-all, I feel that this three day meal plan was extremely beneficial as it got me to become re-conscious of the food that I am putting in my body. For someone that is so conscious of exercise, I am surprised at the way I have let myself slip, food wise. I am taking step towards fixing this immediately and feel that I should continue doing a food log at least every three months, not only as a motivation technique but as a means of continuing a certain lifestyle.
Sunday, November 10, 2019
Depiction of Women
Depiction of Women By: Charles Cotton In past generations, women have not been given the respect that they deserve. Sophocles once said, ââ¬Å"Silence gives the proper grace to women. â⬠Men were always perceived as the dominant sex; women were just asked to perform in the kitchen, and please their spouse after a long day of work. According to feminist criticism, the roots of prejudice against women have long been embedded in Western culture. The female feminist Virginia Woolf wrote ââ¬Å"A Room of Oneââ¬â¢s Own,â⬠in which she declares that men have treated women as inferiors. She states that society believes that women are intellectually inferior to men.In laymanââ¬â¢s terms, the man has control of the house and income, while the woman just sits home. Books from the early period of British literature such as Judith, Wife of Bath, and Grendelââ¬â¢s mom convey the same message. All of them had one objective in common: all protagonists were females who were denied certain rights. The ancient Greeks abetted gender discrimination, declaring the male to be the superior and the female the inferior. In the Bible, Adam and Eve were both tempted by a serpent, represented as the devil. Eve was the one who disobeyed God and ate from the Tree of Good and Evil.She was beautiful, but she made the mistake of falling for deception. Throughout the Christian Period, this story provides men with the reason why they should restrict the social, sexual, religious, political, and economic freedom of women (Eve and the Identity of Women, 1). This ancient story holds them accountable for the decisions that they make in mankind. This passage describes the image of women in Western Civilization; independence and freedom of speech. However, after a hard fight for equal rights, women are now allowed to be employed anywhere, with some companies still limiting their abilities.Women in todayââ¬â¢s society are choosing the Garden of Edenââ¬â¢s apple every day; free will. Based off of the Fifth Edition of Literary Criticism, prejudice against women began in the Western culture. In ancient Greece, they abetted gender discrimination; demanding that the male is the superior and the female is beneath them (Literary Criticism, pg. 147). Charles Darwin wrote ââ¬Å"The Descent of Man (1871), announcing that women are a ââ¬Å"characteristic of a past and lower state of civilizationâ⬠(pg. 147). As the man, one was responsible for upporting the family financially, while the wife stayed at home cleaning the house, preparing dinner, and taking care of the children. Genesis, the very first book of Scripture, tells us that God created both man and woman in his image. From the very beginning, women were seen and treated as inferior beings and seen as . The scripture read as this: ââ¬Å"God created man first in this world out of his imageâ⬠(Genesis). His creation of man signified their dominance, and their role of ââ¬Å"authority. â⬠In tho se days, females had a bad reputation for being very persuasive when they wanted something from men.For example, Delilah was the fatal attraction for Samson, who cut his hair to please her. His hair was his source of power; without it, he would be defenseless. He was defeated by the Philippines, and his confidence was diminished. Women have been the downfall of men, especially if he has valuable possessions. Century after century, male voices continue to determine the social role and cultural status of women. Feminist critic Simone de Beauvoirââ¬â¢s text asserts that the Western society is patriarchal, which means controlled by males. She says that women must ask them self: ââ¬Å"What is a woman? (Feminism, pg. 149) This is basically stating that women are defined by his social class. The first major feminist critic that challenged the males was author Christine de Pizan. (1365-c1434) She wrote Lââ¬â¢E[istre au Dieu dââ¬â¢ amours, critiquing the judgment of Charles Darwin, who stated in his novel ââ¬Å"The Descent of Manâ⬠, stating that God created both man and woman as equal beings. They wanted to be heard and acknowledged as scholars, artist, and writers. They want to be respected as a person, and not just an object. I found an article called ââ¬Å"Heliumâ⬠, which was found on the CNN website.It explained that women of this generation are perceived to be educated, successful career, and have the ability to bare children. They are also expected to put food on the table for their husband and children, while enduring the added pressure of looking a certain way. All of these aspects are the perfect formula for a ââ¬Å"successfulâ⬠woman; and sometimes hinder males from appreciating their intellectual minds. Because of their gender, women have to work twice as hard to establish themself in society, but still are at risk to be perceived differently.For example, when a woman has a high class position in a company, people often have the notion that she used her sexual position to climb to power. With their clothing they walk around in, they are often judged by their figure than their ability to fulfill their job requirements. The story Judith would be a great example of how females use their body parts to gain respect. By building up her description as a maiden, the poet uses Judithââ¬â¢s virginity to construct her innocence, making her appear vulnerable. Because of this trait, Holofernes thought it would be easy to grasp her attention and take ownership of her life.She was also described as maego, meaning ââ¬Å"womanâ⬠, ââ¬Å"virginâ⬠, ââ¬Å"girlâ⬠, ââ¬Å"womanâ⬠, and ââ¬Å"wife. â⬠( Judith, Lines 35,43, 73,78) She is never stated by her name, and that was the lack of respect that was there for women at that time. Issued on September 9, 2011 by a lady named Margaret Holt, the Chicago Tribune issued an article called ââ¬Å"How Should Society(and media) Depict Womenâ⬠, there we re a group of females that were discussing a video that displayed the lack of respect for women that was issued on September 9, 2011 by a lady named Margaret Holt.Holt attended the YMCA of Metropolitian, where the screening was sold out for the first night at Fifth Third Bank. This documentary, called ââ¬Å"Miss Representationâ⬠, warranted responses that were not only shocking, but ellicited a fresh call to action about the events that occurred. The video was about a woman who went through so much disrespect and turmoil. She was beaten multiple times for standing up for her rights, but she kept her composure, and fought until the end.Taylor Demming, one of the females in the audience, stated, ââ¬Å"I didn't know there was no respect for women,â⬠she said afterward(Chicago Tribune, Depicting Women in Society, pg. 2). At the same time, there were scouts at DuPage County High Schools that were also disturbed by the content of the film. Student Jessica Porter said the movie made her ââ¬Å"think about the reality shows that she likedâ⬠(Depicting Women in Society, pg. 2). This reading reminded me of the life of Susan B. Anthony, and her fight for womensââ¬â¢ right to vote.There were multiple messages that were interpreted from the documentary, allowing women in this generation to appreciate their freedom. Certain commercials are derogatory towards women, and perceive them as sexual pleasantries, as portrayed in Judith. Her hyper-feminity provides her with the power of seduction, in a significant female role. She is perceived as passive throughout the story, until she beheaded Holofernes. argues that Judithââ¬â¢s gender transformation in the poem is ââ¬Å"not from passive to aggressive nor from ââ¬Å"feminineâ⬠to â⬠masculine,â⬠but rather from ââ¬Å"possessedâ⬠to ââ¬Å"possessorâ⬠(257).Jean Kilbourne wrote an article titled ââ¬Å"Portrayal of Women in Society, Killing Us Softlyâ⬠, which discusses how women are portrayed as just items (Jean Kilbourne, Introduction to Media Studies, pg. 1). It continues to depict how the media portrays women and how they influence these advertisements negatively. For example, in his article, he chooses to show an advertisement where a Trojan condom was placed on the left side of a femaleââ¬â¢s bra. The condom represents sexual content, and the image was mostly focused on her breast. Her chest was depicted as a tool to influence men to purchase this particular product.Her breasts are enlarged in the picture as well; intriguing most men that sex sells in our society. African-American women are also promoted as sex symbols in music videos. According to the article titled ââ¬Å"Beyond the Betrayal of Women in Video Gamesâ⬠, 38% of female characters found in video games are wearing revealing clothing, 23% are showing cleavage (Children Now, suite101. com/article/media-portrayal of women pg. 1). They wear bikinis and short shorts to draw attention f rom the audience. This particular style of clothing started in the late 90s, when Mystical came out with the song called ââ¬Å"Danger. As the video progresses, there were scenes that revealed women completely naked. Producers realized that nudity would attract viewers, and raise record sales. The message was clear; Women are only valued by their body parts, and nothing else. The Wife of Bath was a story that spoke on sexual deviances of the female race. The story began with the sexual assault of a woman, and the rest of it imagines a world in which women are sovereign, and they have judgments, administer justice, and power over men I saw quotes that displayed this action such as: ââ¬Å"Women may go saufly up and doun.In every bussh or under every tree Ther is noon oother incubus but he, And he ne wol doon hem but dishonorâ⬠(Lines 884 ââ¬â 887). An incubus was a ââ¬Å"demon childâ⬠thought to be begotten by the woman. The Wifeââ¬â¢s claim is that women may go wit hout fear of being forced to birth a demon child. This is the life that women want, having the authority and ability to make their own decisions. We can tell that she thinks highly of herself; illustrated in her ornate clothing: ââ¬Å"Her coverchiefts ful fine were of ground; I dorste were they weyeden ten poundâ⬠(Chaucer).She wanted to be the first woman at church to make a donation. Women did not usually have alot of funds, so she used her husbands for money. Females are always worried about their appearance: using make-up and other products to appear younger. Men see age marks as ugliness, and in order for women to appear more attractive in their eyes, they feel they must hide these facial marks. In Beowulf, Grendelââ¬â¢s mother was described as gross-looking and hideous, but she wanted to get revenge for her son, just like any other mother. Maintaining and preserving peace was not only their job, it was their identity.When Grendelââ¬â¢s mother was killed, she had fai led in her social role as peace-keeper. No one expected her to be beautiful because women were not appreciated in that aspect. When men get older, they are viewed as more attractive, where as if a woman does, her beauty fades off, and she is forced to intrigue a guy with her intelligence. Commercials from companies like Cover Girl, where they are promoting beauty products with famous people such as Gabrielle Union, Queen Latifah, and Halle Berry, encourage women others that they can be beautiful, no matter how old they are.There are movies that display menââ¬â¢s dominance over women such as Disneyââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Aladdin, Beauty of the Beast, and Beowulf. They show unrealistic, curvaceous, and vulnerable women who depend on male figures for strength and survival, not their own empowerment. In Aladdin, Princess Jasmine is upset and desperate to find a prince to make her feel loved and protected. Along comes Prince Aladdin that captures her attention, saving her from the clutches o f Jafar, the Sultanââ¬â¢s chief advisor. The movie has this ââ¬Å"male-saving-the-dayâ⬠theme to show that a woman is nothing without a man by her side.In Beauty and the Beast, it is portrayed that a woman cannot feel safe and protected unless they have someone with the character traits of the Beast: aggressive, violent, and intimidating. On April 3, 2009, an article was written in Kellevision called ââ¬Å"Beauty and the Beast in Televisionâ⬠, stated that women who want this type of relationship usually had abusive fathers growing up, and want to feel protected from their father. In the story Beowulf, he saves his town by defeating Grendelââ¬â¢s mother, and becomes king.Cartoons have even displayed how women are disrespected and placed in smaller roles. I draw my attention to the ââ¬Å"Flintstonesâ⬠, where Fred is the bigger man who does all of the hunting while Wilma stays home and does all of the household chores. In ââ¬Å"George of the Jungleâ⬠, it w as always George saving the distressed Jane, and Jane never does these things herself. Mrs. Jane Jetson is the perfect example of a stereotypical cartoon woman. Her waist is small, she is constantly wearing short skirts, and she has a love for shopping.In that cartoon, Mr. Jetson is the one going to work, while she spends his hard-earned money. In Chaucerââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Wife of Bathâ⬠, the woman had multiple husbands, and she used them all for money. When a woman does play a dominant role in a movie, it usually comes with a sacrifice. ââ¬Å"The Proposalâ⬠, starred by Sandra Bullock, plays a cold-hearted, detached career woman with sociopathic tendencies. This sends the message that a powerful woman sacrifices a healthy relationship, family, and her sanity to be successful.In the story Judith, she had to kill Holofernes to save her town, requiring her to step out of feminism to do that. Her sanity was diminished, but she completed the task of saving her people. For young girls that dream to have a great career and a loving family, this is not the message that they need to hear. Why is it that men can get a position of power because of their gender without sacrifices, but women have to do so much to receive respect? In todayââ¬â¢s society, women are not given the proper respect that they deserve.They are constantly perceived as weak, and always judged by their appearance, not their mind. Wife of Bath is only judged by her beauty, and when it comes to something that requires dominance, the man is always required to handle the situation. People have to realize that women should not be mistreated before you actually take time to learn about them. Even though men are still perceived as the dominant sex, women are starting to gain respect in our society. With time and consideration, I believe that females will receive the respect that they deserve in America.Works Cited Page Bal, M 1995. ââ¬Å"Head-Hunting: Judith on the Cutting Edge of Knowledge in B renner. â⬠1995: 253-285. Witcombe, Christopher. Eve and Woman. ââ¬Å"Eve and the Identity of Women. â⬠Copyright 2000. Bloom, Harold, ed. Geoffrey Chaucer. New York: Chelsea, 1985. Print. Wilkinson, Michelle. ââ¬Å"Helium: ââ¬Å"Portrayal of Women in Society. â⬠2009. www. helium. com/items/1339068-portrayal-of-women-in-society Bressler, Charles E. ââ¬Å"Literary Criticismâ⬠An Introduction to Theory and Practice. Fifth Edition, 2010. Published by Prentice Hall. Pgs. 1-335. Young, Adena. Negative Portrayal of Womenâ⬠The Depiction of Women in Todayââ¬â¢s Society. 21st century. http://library. thinkquest. org/21298/Mind&Body/Portrayl. html Kilbourne, Jean. ââ¬Å"Introduction to Media Studiesâ⬠, Portrayal of Women in Society. Hanson, Public Relations Chapter 12. Published 2010. Greenblatt, Stephan. ââ¬Å"Norton Anthology of English Literature. â⬠Wife of Bath. 2009. Blake, Johnathon. ââ¬Å"Struggle for Female Equality in ââ¬Å"The Wife of Bathââ¬â¢s Prologue. Luminarium: Anthology of English Literature. N. p. , n. d. Web 7 http://www. luminarium. org/medlit/jblake. htm.
Thursday, November 7, 2019
Free Essays on Fear Of Flying
How Lauren may have learned of her Fear of Flying? How Lauren learned she had a fear in flying? Using the Classical Conditioning theory the possibilities could be endless. Classical conditioning in simple terms is the method in which one determines why and the cause of a condition as well as what has brought it about. There are many stimulus both conditioned and unconditioned that can cause fear or other problems, but the major reason for causes regarding the fear of flying has been mentioned in several articles regarding anxiety disorders. Fear of flying is created by the unconscious mind as a protective mechanism. When using the neutral stimulus explanation, Lauren may not have had a relevant response of interest. Lauren may have learned something or heard someone from her past that caused the continuous fear. Due to the facts in this case, thereââ¬â¢s little information to provide us regarding Lauren. First we know sheââ¬â¢s afraid to fly, but we have no further information regarding the condition that caused the fear or the circumstances to what led to this fear. The first step in Pavlovââ¬â¢s theory is trying to discover how Laurenââ¬â¢s fear came about, but without more information one can only speculate or guess how Laurenââ¬â¢s condition developed. Pavlovââ¬â¢s theory states several actions and read actions that could have caused Laurenââ¬â¢s Condition. The conditioning of the plane could be neutral stimulus, and the activities on the plane is the unconditioned stimulus. During conditioning of the plane is the neutral stimulus, which is paired with the activities on the plane that is the unconditioned stimulus to produce the unconditioned response, that produces the fear that Lauren has when she is on the plane. After conditioning the neutral stimulus the plane has now become a conditioned stimulus and it produces a conditioned response that is similar to the unconditioned response. This means that Laurenââ¬â¢s fear now ... Free Essays on Fear Of Flying Free Essays on Fear Of Flying How Lauren may have learned of her Fear of Flying? How Lauren learned she had a fear in flying? Using the Classical Conditioning theory the possibilities could be endless. Classical conditioning in simple terms is the method in which one determines why and the cause of a condition as well as what has brought it about. There are many stimulus both conditioned and unconditioned that can cause fear or other problems, but the major reason for causes regarding the fear of flying has been mentioned in several articles regarding anxiety disorders. Fear of flying is created by the unconscious mind as a protective mechanism. When using the neutral stimulus explanation, Lauren may not have had a relevant response of interest. Lauren may have learned something or heard someone from her past that caused the continuous fear. Due to the facts in this case, thereââ¬â¢s little information to provide us regarding Lauren. First we know sheââ¬â¢s afraid to fly, but we have no further information regarding the condition that caused the fear or the circumstances to what led to this fear. The first step in Pavlovââ¬â¢s theory is trying to discover how Laurenââ¬â¢s fear came about, but without more information one can only speculate or guess how Laurenââ¬â¢s condition developed. Pavlovââ¬â¢s theory states several actions and read actions that could have caused Laurenââ¬â¢s Condition. The conditioning of the plane could be neutral stimulus, and the activities on the plane is the unconditioned stimulus. During conditioning of the plane is the neutral stimulus, which is paired with the activities on the plane that is the unconditioned stimulus to produce the unconditioned response, that produces the fear that Lauren has when she is on the plane. After conditioning the neutral stimulus the plane has now become a conditioned stimulus and it produces a conditioned response that is similar to the unconditioned response. This means that Laurenââ¬â¢s fear now ...
Tuesday, November 5, 2019
How to Use Pinterest For Business The Ultimate Marketers Guide
How to Use Pinterest For Business The Ultimate Marketers Guide Pinterest is that fun platform where people plan unrealistic weddings, right? They can do that, but they can also do more. They look for recipes, plan their homes and so much more. After all, there are over 75 billion ideasà out there. What if your business was able to show potential customers how your product or services could help them actually accomplish their ideas? Using Pinterest allows your business to do just that. When your customers are searching for inspiration or solutions, your organization can be there to help them achieve what they want. However, you need to be strategic with your Pins. Itââ¬â¢s easy to jump on to the platform and start saving Pins everywhere. In this post, weââ¬â¢ll show you exactly how to use Pinterest for your business, making it a key piece in your social media marketing strategy. Do This With : Did you know you can schedule Pins on your marketing calendar, and measure their performance with robust analytics, with ? Try it free for two weeks or schedule a demo to start saving time on social media marketing. Download Your Pinterest Marketing Strategy Template When youââ¬â¢re ready to actively start planning your Pinterest strategy, use our free template. In this post, well show you how to complete each slide, so you can build an effective and clearly documented strategy in no time flat. Pinterest is still relatively new in the world of social media. So instead of searching for all the need-to-know information you want, we compiled it into one infographic. Get the 411 on #Pinterest marketing with this handy infographic.Is Your Audience On Pinterest? The first step in using Pinterest for marketing your business is to figure out if your audience is even active on the channel. How do you do this? First, determine the demographic makeup of the 175 million people who use Pinterest. Then see if your target audience falls into that category. If they do, Pinterest may be the channel for you. The Demographics of Pinterest According to the latest data from Pinterest and other sources, this is the current demographic makeup of Pinterest users as of 2016. How to Determine If Your Target Audience Fits The Bill So now that you have a bit of background on the demographics of Pinterest users, how do they compare to your target audience? If your target audience is primarily female Millennials, it would make sense to start investing time into creating content for a Pinterest profile. If your audience doesnââ¬â¢t fit the current Pinterest audience demographic, it may not make the most sense to spend time creating content for this social media channel. Is your target audience active on Pinterest?Do Your Business Objectives Match What Pinterest Has To Offer? Youââ¬â¢ve decided that Pinterest is something you want your social media team to invest in. So whatââ¬â¢s next? You need to figure out how you are going to tie your business objectives to your Pinterest marketing strategy. How To Find Your Business Objectives Your business objectives are the overarching goals that have been created by upper management that need to be met by the end of the year. These are the objectives that every team in your company helps contribute to. Some example business objectives could be: ââ¬Å"We want 60% of our audience to be millennials.â⬠ââ¬Å"We want to be the number one soft drink for women over 40.â⬠ââ¬Å"We want to sell more ski resort passes to college-aged vacationers.â⬠Because these objectives are so high level, theyââ¬â¢ve probably already been decided by your CEO, CMO, etc. Schedule a meeting or email them to find out exactly what those objectives are (if you donââ¬â¢t already know). Here's how to connect your #Pinterest #marketing strategy to your business objectives.How Is Being On Pinterest Going To Benefit My Business? The next thing you need to determine after youââ¬â¢ve gotten your business objectives is: How is being on Pinterest going to benefit my business? This question should be answered anytime you try something new. Your answers are going to vary based on what your business wants to achieve. There are two steps to this process, the first is determining what your business wants to achieve (your business objectives). Then your marketing team needs to determine if the suggested channel is going to be beneficial in helping you reach your goals. For example, if your business wanted to engage more with your customers and increase product recall, pinning your products to Pinterest could provide that benefit. If it makes sense to your marketing team, pursue Pinterest. Youââ¬â¢ll never know if something works unless you try. How could #Pinterest marketing benefit your business?How To Create Your Pinterest Boards By now youââ¬â¢ll have set your account. Youââ¬â¢re all ready to go. Until you realize your profile is completely blank. Itââ¬â¢s time to add some boards. Boards are like groups that hold certain categories of pins. Each one of these boards has a title, which needs to be awesome enough to grab the attention of your audience and make them want to follow it. So how do you know what types of boards create? Recommended Reading: How To Create A Marketing Strategy That Will Skyrocket Your Results By 9,360% Create Boards Around Your Content Core Your content core is a special place where you take into consideration what your audience cares about and combine it with what you want to say. Your content core is basically the intersection between what your audience cares about, and your brand's expertise: Create Pinterest boards about topics in your core. à Once you have your board topics figured out you can move on to naming them. Record your content core topics in your template. How to Choose The Right Titles Pinterest suggests you should set your boards up like window displays. You want them to appeal to your audienceââ¬â¢s tastes and also keep them coming back for more. Hereââ¬â¢s a basic look at it from their perspective: Rebekah Radice takes Pinterestââ¬â¢s advice one step further with a few great ideasà thatââ¬â¢ll help you choose memorable names for your boards. Make them: Eye-catching. Keyword rich. Content specific. Sheââ¬â¢s right. Start With: If youââ¬â¢re just starting out on Pinterest, come up with two different board ideas. Build those to start with. If youââ¬â¢ve been on Pinterest for awhile now, focus on cleaning up two of the Pinterest boards you already have. When going through your boards, make sure there arenââ¬â¢t any exact duplicates, make sure the links work, and add keywords to the descriptions. Maybe even rewrite descriptions, so they are stronger. So how do you set up your boards once youââ¬â¢ve decided on a title? First, go to your Pinterest profile and select Boards: After that, all you have to do is enter your board name. For this example, letââ¬â¢s say weââ¬â¢re a local farmers market. A great board title could be Seasonal Recipes. Record your board titles in your template. How should brands select #pinterest board categories and titles? Find out here.How To Curate Pins Something like 80% of the content shared on Pinterest are Repins (now called Saves). Start out by exploring Pinterest for content you think your audience will enjoy, and save that awesome stuff. When Pinning, abide by the 80/20 rule: Share 80% of other peopleââ¬â¢s content and only 20% of your own. For every piece of content that you share, that is yours, save four Pins from others. As you begin, your goals will be: Make connections with other pinners by following them, liking, saving, and commenting on their Pins. Build your content foundation with curated content to find your audience and build a following. Know what your niche likes so you can share more of that. Record the topics your curated content should cover in your template. Recommended Reading: How to Curate Content For Social Media To Help Boost Your Reach How To Create Your Pins While the 80/20 rule says that you should Pin 80% of your content, youââ¬â¢ll still need to figure out how to create the other 20% of those pins. Hereââ¬â¢s how to do it. Writing Your Pin Descriptions Mitt Ray writes about Pinterest a lot. And he compiled some interesting dataà to help you write better descriptions for your Pins so you can get the attention your content deserves. Mitt suggests that by writing a great Pin, your audience will have a better chance of finding your awesome content. Writing An Awesome Pin: Longer descriptions get the most Repins.à Aim for slightly more than 300 characters. Buzzfeed found that robust descriptions, especially if your image isnââ¬â¢t beautiful, interesting, or useful, combined with positivityà help get them more Saves and click-throughs. Include a link back to your site.à Adding a link back to your site will make your entire description a clickable link. Write a killer call to action.à If you want your Pins to convert, inspire Pinners to click through with an awesome call to action. Use keywords.à Your audience uses keywords to find the content they want. If youââ¬â¢ve focused your blog on an SEO content strategy, youââ¬â¢ve already located the keywords you know your audience is searching for, so include those in your descriptions. Mention others.à When you share other peopleââ¬â¢s content, mention them as a thank you. Plus, youââ¬â¢ll make more friends that way! How to Use Pinterest For Business The Ultimate Marketers Guide Pinterest is that fun platform where people plan unrealistic weddings, right? They can do that, but they can also do more. They look for recipes, plan their homes and so much more. After all, there are over 75 billion ideasà out there. What if your business was able to show potential customers how your product or services could help them actually accomplish their ideas? Using Pinterest allows your business to do just that. When your customers are searching for inspiration or solutions, your organization can be there to help them achieve what they want. However, you need to be strategic with your Pins. Itââ¬â¢s easy to jump on to the platform and start saving Pins everywhere. In this post, weââ¬â¢ll show you exactly how to use Pinterest for your business, making it a key piece in your social media marketing strategy. Do This With : Did you know you can schedule Pins on your marketing calendar, and measure their performance with robust analytics, with ? Try it free for two weeks or schedule a demo to start saving time on social media marketing. Download Your Pinterest Marketing Strategy Template When youââ¬â¢re ready to actively start planning your Pinterest strategy, use our free template. In this post, well show you how to complete each slide, so you can build an effective and clearly documented strategy in no time flat.How to Use Pinterest For Business: The Ultimate Pinterest Marketing GuideWhat Should Marketers Know About Pinterest? Pinterest is still relatively new in the world of social media. So instead of searching for all the need-to-know information you want, we compiled it into one infographic. Get the 411 on #Pinterest marketing with this handy infographic.Is Your Audience On Pinterest? The first step in using Pinterest for marketing your business is to figure out if your audience is even active on the channel. How do you do this? First, determine the demographic makeup of the 175 million people who use Pinterest. Then see if your target audience falls into that category. If they do, Pinterest may be the channel for you. The Demographics of Pinterest According to the latest data from Pinterest and other sources, this is the current demographic makeup of Pinterest users as of 2016. How to Determine If Your Target Audience Fits The Bill So now that you have a bit of background on the demographics of Pinterest users, how do they compare to your target audience? If your target audience is primarily female Millennials, it would make sense to start investing time into creating content for a Pinterest profile. If your audience doesnââ¬â¢t fit the current Pinterest audience demographic, it may not make the most sense to spend time creating content for this social media channel. Is your target audience active on Pinterest?Do Your Business Objectives Match What Pinterest Has To Offer? Youââ¬â¢ve decided that Pinterest is something you want your social media team to invest in. So whatââ¬â¢s next? You need to figure out how you are going to tie your business objectives to your Pinterest marketing strategy. How To Find Your Business Objectives Your business objectives are the overarching goals that have been created by upper management that need to be met by the end of the year. These are the objectives that every team in your company helps contribute to. Some example business objectives could be: ââ¬Å"We want 60% of our audience to be millennials.â⬠ââ¬Å"We want to be the number one soft drink for women over 40.â⬠ââ¬Å"We want to sell more ski resort passes to college-aged vacationers.â⬠Because these objectives are so high level, theyââ¬â¢ve probably already been decided by your CEO, CMO, etc. Schedule a meeting or email them to find out exactly what those objectives are (if you donââ¬â¢t already know). Here's how to connect your #Pinterest #marketing strategy to your business objectives.How Is Being On Pinterest Going To Benefit My Business? The next thing you need to determine after youââ¬â¢ve gotten your business objectives is: How is being on Pinterest going to benefit my business? This question should be answered anytime you try something new. Your answers are going to vary based on what your business wants to achieve. There are two steps to this process, the first is determining what your business wants to achieve (your business objectives). Then your marketing team needs to determine if the suggested channel is going to be beneficial in helping you reach your goals. For example, if your business wanted to engage more with your customers and increase product recall, pinning your products to Pinterest could provide that benefit. If it makes sense to your marketing team, pursue Pinterest. Youââ¬â¢ll never know if something works unless you try. How could #Pinterest marketing benefit your business?How To Create Your Pinterest Boards By now youââ¬â¢ll have set your account. Youââ¬â¢re all ready to go. Until you realize your profile is completely blank. Itââ¬â¢s time to add some boards. Boards are like groups that hold certain categories of pins. Each one of these boards has a title, which needs to be awesome enough to grab the attention of your audience and make them want to follow it. So how do you know what types of boards create? Recommended Reading: How To Create A Marketing Strategy That Will Skyrocket Your Results By 9,360% Create Boards Around Your Content Core Your content core is a special place where you take into consideration what your audience cares about and combine it with what you want to say. Your content core is basically the intersection between what your audience cares about, and your brand's expertise: Create Pinterest boards about topics in your core. à Once you have your board topics figured out you can move on to naming them. Record your content core topics in your template. How to Choose The Right Titles Pinterest suggests you should set your boards up like window displays. You want them to appeal to your audienceââ¬â¢s tastes and also keep them coming back for more. Hereââ¬â¢s a basic look at it from their perspective: Rebekah Radice takes Pinterestââ¬â¢s advice one step further with a few great ideasà thatââ¬â¢ll help you choose memorable names for your boards. Make them: Eye-catching. Keyword rich. Content specific. Sheââ¬â¢s right. Start With: If youââ¬â¢re just starting out on Pinterest, come up with two different board ideas. Build those to start with. If youââ¬â¢ve been on Pinterest for awhile now, focus on cleaning up two of the Pinterest boards you already have. When going through your boards, make sure there arenââ¬â¢t any exact duplicates, make sure the links work, and add keywords to the descriptions. Maybe even rewrite descriptions, so they are stronger. So how do you set up your boards once youââ¬â¢ve decided on a title? First, go to your Pinterest profile and select Boards: After that, all you have to do is enter your board name. For this example, letââ¬â¢s say weââ¬â¢re a local farmers market. A great board title could be Seasonal Recipes. Record your board titles in your template. How should brands select #pinterest board categories and titles? Find out here.How To Curate Pins Something like 80% of the content shared on Pinterest are Repins (now called Saves). Start out by exploring Pinterest for content you think your audience will enjoy, and save that awesome stuff. When Pinning, abide by the 80/20 rule: Share 80% of other peopleââ¬â¢s content and only 20% of your own. For every piece of content that you share, that is yours, save four Pins from others. As you begin, your goals will be: Make connections with other pinners by following them, liking, saving, and commenting on their Pins. Build your content foundation with curated content to find your audience and build a following. Know what your niche likes so you can share more of that. Record the topics your curated content should cover in your template. Recommended Reading: How to Curate Content For Social Media To Help Boost Your Reach How To Create Your Pins While the 80/20 rule says that you should Pin 80% of your content, youââ¬â¢ll still need to figure out how to create the other 20% of those pins. Hereââ¬â¢s how to do it. Writing Your Pin Descriptions Mitt Ray writes about Pinterest a lot. And he compiled some interesting dataà to help you write better descriptions for your Pins so you can get the attention your content deserves. Mitt suggests that by writing a great Pin, your audience will have a better chance of finding your awesome content. Writing An Awesome Pin: Longer descriptions get the most Repins.à Aim for slightly more than 300 characters. Buzzfeed found that robust descriptions, especially if your image isnââ¬â¢t beautiful, interesting, or useful, combined with positivityà help get them more Saves and click-throughs. Include a link back to your site.à Adding a link back to your site will make your entire description a clickable link. Write a killer call to action.à If you want your Pins to convert, inspire Pinners to click through with an awesome call to action. Use keywords.à Your audience uses keywords to find the content they want. If youââ¬â¢ve focused your blog on an SEO content strategy, youââ¬â¢ve already located the keywords you know your audience is searching for, so include those in your descriptions. Mention others.à When you share other peopleââ¬â¢s content, mention them as a thank you. Plus, youââ¬â¢ll make more friends that way!
Sunday, November 3, 2019
Choose a topic of interest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Choose a topic of interest - Essay Example The question that this situation raises is the likely impact that this new revolution will most likely have on the society (Thompson, 92). This essay will argue that when looking at the aspect of political awareness, social media has had a rather positive effect, while when looking at personal relationships; the negative effects outweigh the benefits of social media. Social network is nothing new in the society per se. A social network actually refers to any structure that consists of several individuals or organizations that are linked to each other through some type of independency, such as to include financial exchange, common interest and friendship among others. The only new aspect of social networking is the web-based social networking that enables these social structures to progress in more intricate and widespread ways. Social media revolves back to the 1950s with the invention of the BBS or as it was commonly referred to electronic ââ¬Å"Bulletin Board Systemâ⬠. Nevertheless, it became a prevalent marvel in the 2000s when users could finally create their own online profiles, share a number of their interests online and any other activities that interests them or may likely interest people within their network. Current, the most popular social media networks include Twitter, My Space and Facebook, with Facebook arguably being the m ost successful among them with over 800 million registered users (Brown, 15). The reason as to why most people choose to join the social media varies from one individual to the other. Some people join social networks to keep in touch with their old friends as well as make some new ones, while others join to organize social activities or simply flirt with other people. The pragmatic reasons for people join vary heavily. However, according to research there is a deeper psychological explanation as to why people join social media groups such as a need to belong and as a way of projecting ones identity. For
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